Color treatment of concrete



Nv 5;*1940. R. E. MAmsQN em., 2,220,341

COLOR TREATMENTOF CONCRETE Filpau'cw.A 20,"1939 o'EPos/r* of" Pf6/awr A r rms' suer/:c5 )HND/N THE OPE/v SURFACE P01956 AND /NTERS TICES.

OF VEHICLE AIVD DYE @m5255555 THE /NVE/vgNO/VG nt-PTH @fps/ varen r/awl of' vEH/a E DEPT/v OF PENETRATION 0F VEHICLE Aeo Patented Nov. 5, 1940 stares 2,220,341 coton TREATMENT or oononn'rn Ralph E. Madison and Arthur 'li.Saunders, Be-

troit, Mich., assignors to Truscon Laboratories, Inc., a corporation of Michigan Application November 20, 1939, Serial No. 305,410

5 Claims.

This invention relates to the treatment of floors and other structures of cement mortar, concrete, natural and artificial stone and the like.

This application is a continuation in part of the application for patent for improvements to thei- Color treatment of concrete, Serial No. 252,866, led January 26,1939, by Ralph E. Madison and Arthur T. Saunders, the applicants herein.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a novel composition for mass color treating and dressing concrete or cement oors and the like possessing greater color retention and more 'wear resistance than was heretofore-attainable thereto is that the said product must necessarily be of relatively high viscosity in order to pro` duce a suitable lm thickness and that the coloring materials generally used are insoluble in the carrying vehicle.

In contradistinction, the instant invention provides a composition for mass color treating and dressing of concrete or cement floors and the like which employs a vehicle having a very low viscosity.- In addition to the vehicle employed in the instant invention having a very low viscosity it also has a very low degree oi' polymerization, which vehicle imparts to the novel composition embodying the invention a high capacity to wet the pores of the iioor to which it is applied whereby to allow a maximum degree of penetration and absorption by the concrete or cement floor and the like to which the said composition is applied. The novel composition provides a thorough and iixed coloring of the mass penetrated.

The novel composition actually penetrates and works its way well into the concrete or cement :door or other structure to which it may-be applied and colors the same to the full depth of its penetration, and, as the composition penetrates and colors, it deposits pigment dispersed therethrough at the surface of the structure treated which becomes engaged in mechanically interlocked relationship in the surface pores and interstices thereof. A' oor or other structure treated by the novel composition disclosed hereinv willA (ci. 1st- 785) show a minimum of wear under heavytramc without exposing areas of sharply contrasting color as normally the case when employing any of the Well-known surface lm type iioor paints, lacquers, etc. The novel composition applied to a concrete or cement oor and the like does not increase the dusting of a floor under wear and will not crack, craze or peel oli inasmuch as the composition becomes an intimate and substantially integral part of the structure to the surface o-f which it is applied.

Fig. 1 is an enlarged fragmentary more or less diagrammatic sectional view of a floor or other structure illustrating the use thereon of the novel mass color treating composition.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View similar to Fig. 1 of a floor or other structure illustrating the use thereon of a conventional iioor paint.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 of a floor or other structure illustrating the use thereon of a conventional :floor paint having a thinner added. l

Inv the instant invention, the novel composition employed for color treating concrete and cement -floors and the like comprises a suitable low viscosity vehicle into which pigment material is dispersed and to which is intimately added a solution of organic .dyestuiis by agitation until the dye dissolved in its solvent exists in uniform solutlon with the said vehicle containing the pigment.

A typical example of the novel composition for color treating concrete or cement floors'and the like will now be given.

A lov!l viscosity vehicle is iirst prepared whichl source of heat and allowed to cool to about 475 F. Approximately 800 pounds of petroleum distillate thinner having a boiling range of approxi-- mately 130 to 210 centigrade, are then added. Suitable metallic driers such as fatty acid soaps, resinates, and naphthenate of lead, manganese or cobalt may be added in sufficient quantity to accelerate to the desired degree the drying of the drying oil present. Such a vehicle or an equivalent thereof may be employed which is charac- "winning.muoiono terized by being not only low in viscosity but which has a very low degree of polymerization.

A pigment material preferably in red, if red dye is to be used; in green, if green dye is to be used, 5 etc., is added to the vehicle by employing a su'itable mill such as a five roll mill, buhr stone mill or the like to assure thorough dispersion therein. A solution of dyestuffs of the type soluble in coal tar solvent such as high ash naphtha is prepared using the same color and preferably a little darker than the color of the pigment material employed. The solution of dye dissolved in its solvent is then added to the mixture of vehicle and pigment and the composition is agitated until iiie dye exists in uniform solution with the vecle. Y The novel composition disclosed herein for mass color treating and dressing concrete and cement floors and the like increases the waterproofness of the oor or other structure treated thereby, however, if a composition having extremely high waterproofing qualities is desired, paraffin wax, candelilla wai or other suitable mineral or vegetable waxes may be added to the vehicle. In the example hereinbefore given, it has been found that the addition of from 25 to 40 pounds of paraflin wax or the like to thevehicle after it has been allowed to cool to about 475 F. will materially increase the waterproofness of a concrete or cement floor treated by the novel composition.

In addition to increasing the waterproofnessof floors or the like treated with the novel composition, it has been found that the inclusion therein of a wax in small quantity retards the dryingV of the composition' during application sumciently to permit it to be scrubbed deeply and uniformly into the surface pores and interstices of the floor or the like -treated thereby.

l 4o The quantity of pigment and dyestuifs empl`oyed is sufficient in each instance to provide a composition capable of coloring concrete or cement floors or other structures to the desired shade of color.

4s The novel composition is prforobiy applied' to a dry concrete or cement ooror the like by means of a short stiif bristled brush using a slight scrubbing-motion and insumcient quantity to have at the surface being treated during 60 the said scrubbing motion slightly more composition than the concrete or cement 'floor or the like will instantly absorb. Because of the employment of a vehicle in the novel compound which has an extremely low viscosity, and because the novel compound has a low degree of polymerization, the novel compound will penetrate immediately into concrete or cement floors or like structureupon application thereto and with little scrubbing.

0 When applied to a dry concrete or cement iioor or the like the vehicle and solvent of the novel composition penetratesto a considerable depth, sometimes one-quarter of an inchor more carrying with it the dye which remains and 05 colors the concrete. A small portion of the pigment dispersed in the vehicle remains on the surface; however, due to the low viscosity and low degree of polymerization of the vehicle employed and the dispersion of the pigment there- 'l0 throush, the remainder of the pigmentis drawn into the surface pores and interstices of the concrete or cement or other structure to which the novelcomposition is applied where, upon drying, it becomes mechanically bonded and interlocked treated in such an intimate when no solvent is added to the conventional relationship as to be, in fact, substantially a integral part thereof.

After a concrete or cement floor or the like is color treated with the novel composition and the said composition is permitted to dry, a gloss 5 coat or dressing composed of a pigmented wax preferably of the same color as the pigment in the said composition may be applied by a vigorous polishing preferably with a mechanicalI buffer to embed further into the iioor or the like the pigment material of the composition which had been carried into the pores and interstices in the surface of the said floor or like structure treated thereby. While the gloss coat need not be employed, it is generally used where a highly polished finished surface is desired. Because of the mass color treatment of the iloor or surface under the pigmented wax gloss coat, the gloss coat may be renewed as required where heavy traiic occurs and the renewed gloss coated floor will blend into the unworn gloss coatedv floor without unsightly color diiferentials as encountered when patching the worn surface film of painted floors or floors coated with other surface coatings and lms. The gloss coat or dressing when employed, not only provides the glossy surface desired but seals the surface pores and interstices of a floor or the like mass colored by the novel mass coloring composition herein disclosed which adds extra life to the floor treatment. Fig. 1 of the drawing gives t typical mostration of a oor or the like treated with the novel composition disclosed4 herein showing the penetration of the vehicle, solvent and dye and the Ydepositof the pigment dispersed therethrough at the surface and in the surface pores and interstices of the structure treated.

Figs. 2 vand 3 of the drawing show the effect of the conventional type of paint and like floor dressings on a cement oor covered thereby. It will be observed by particular reference to Fig. 2 that there is very little penetration of the vehicle into the cement when a conventional type of floor paint or nlm is used and that no actual 4.' coloring is accomplished below the film. Fig. 3 shows the effect of using a conventional type of paint or illm with a solvent added, it being observed that the penetration, while greater than :door paint, is comparatively small with respect to the penetration of the novel composition disclosed herein, and that there is no coloring of the penetrated portion as is the case when the novel compodtion disclosed herein is employed. The continued use of a floor treated with the novel composition herein disclosed will show very Alittle wear in comparison to a floor covered with the conventional type of paint or flim of floor dressing or the like 'inasmuch as the pigment of the novel composition herein disclosed becomes mechanically interlocked within the surface pores and interstices of the concrete or cement iioor4 or other structure to which the novel composition is appliedand because a thoroughly colored 05 mass becomes exposed as the surface of the paints and lms and therefore no unsightly con` trast between the color of the film applied to the floor and the color of the concrete will develop by Wear. .A oor colored and treated with the novel composition hereinv disclosed will have a `much longer life Without maintenance than a .door covered with a usual type of paint or lm inasmuch as it would be necessary to wear away a considerable portion of the floor itself before unsightly contrast with uncolored material below the surface could possibly become apparent.

The novel composition 'for masscolor treatment-of concrete or cement oors and the like disclosed herein is comparatively inexpensive in View of the general effectiveness thereof including the long Wear, high Waterproofing qualities, lasting coloring, ease of application and greater freedom from maintenance of concrete or cement oors or other structures mass coloredthereby. The pigmented Wax dressing, if employed, provides high luster to a cement floor or the like after the mass color treatment lthereof and sealsthe'pigment deposited at the surface and in the surface pores and interstices of -the structure treated which materially adds to the life of a iioor or like structure treated with the novel mass color treatment composition herein disclosed.

Where the term drying oil is used, it is to be understood that it includes such drying oils as China-wood oil, linseed oil, perilla oil and similar suitable drying oils. Where the term "resin is used, it is to be t understood that it includes rosin, limed rosin,

of the composition, method and procedure setforth can be made without departing 'from the spirit of the invention as dened by the appended claims. i

We claim: 1. A liquid composition for the color treatment of cement floors and the like through scrubbing the same into the surface thereofcompris'ing a dispersion` of a drying oil and resin vehicle miscible with coal tar solvents composed of 200 to 600 pounds of a drying oil of the group consisting of China-wood oil, linseed oil and perilla oil, pounds of a resin of a type soluble in the drying oil, approximately 800 pounds of vpetroleum distillate thinner, a' finely ground pigment material, and a solution of dyestuffs of the -type soluble in coal tar solvents, the said liquid composition being characterized by having a suilciently low viscosityto admit of scrubbing into the surface of a cementitious structure being 'color treated thereby deposition of a continuous film thereover.

2.' A liquid composition for the color treatment of cement oors and the like through scrubbing the same into the surface thereof comprising a dispersion of a drying oil and resin vehicle miscible with' coal tar 'solvents composed of 200 to 600 pounds of a drying oil of the group consisting of China-wood oil, linseed oil and perilla oil, 100 pounds of a resin oil a type soluble in the drying oil, a wax in sufficiently small quantity to retard the drying and hardening of the vehicle Without materially increasing the viscosity-thereof, approximately 800 pounds of petroleum distillate thinner, a finely ground pigment material, and a solution` of dyestuis of 1the type soluble in coal tar solvents, the said liquid composition being characterized by having sufficiently low viscosity to admit of scrubbing into the surface of a cementitious structure being color treated thereby without deposition of a continuous film thereover.

3. A liquid composition for the color treatment of cement floors an`d the like through scrubbing the same into the surface thereof comprising a dispersion of a drying oil and resin vehicle mis- 1liA cible with coal tar solvents composed of 200 to 600 pounds of a drying oil of the group consisting of China-wood oil, linseed oil and perilla oil,

. 100 pounds of a resin of a type soluble in the drying oil, 25 to 40 pounds of wax, app`roxi.v

mately 800 pounds of petroleum `distillate thinner, a nely ground pigment material, and a solution of dyestuffs of the type soluble in coal tar solvents, the said liquid composition being' characterized by having a sufficiently low vis-` cosity to admit of scrubbing into the surface of a cementitious structure being color treated thereby without deposition ofy a continuous film thereover.

4. A liquid composition for the color treatment of cementitious structures through scrub,

bing the same into the surfacethereof comprising a dispersion of a drying oil and resin vehicle composed of a mixture of 200 to 600 pounds of a drying oil of the group consisting of China-wood oil, linseed oil and perilla oil and 100 pounds of a resin of a type soluble in the drying oil heated together at such a rate as to permit the mixture to reach about 560 F. in approximately 30minutes from which temperature the mixture is permitted to cool to an initial thinning temperature 

